Microbial control of caged population of zonocerus variegatus using beauveria bassiana and metarhizium sp. All books are in clear copy here, and all files are secure so dont worry about it. Summary the morphology of the chromosomes of the grasshopper, zonocerus variegatus was studied from mitotic metaphase and meiotic stages in squashed preparations of fresh testicular material. The variegated grasshopper, zonocerus variegatus linn. Research article secondary metabolites of the cuticular. This table therefore contains chiasma frequency means in the dry and. Preliminary evaluation of the nutritive value of the. The distribution in nigeria extends from the lowland.
Percentage incidence measuring the distance from the top of an ascender to the. Zonocerus variegatus linnaeus, 1758 preferred common name. The data analysis showed abundance of larvae, from stage 1 to 6. Zonocerus variegatus infestation has been found to cause a lot of devastation in the production of cassava crop plants in tropical and subtropical areas. Pathogenicity of entomopathogenic entomophthora grylli on. An zonocerus variegatus in nahilalakip ha genus nga zonocerus, ngan familia nga pyrgomorphidae.
In zonocerus variegatus and other acrids, the size of antennae and antennal lobe increased with each moult from first instar to the adult stage youdeowei, 1974 with special sensillum types such as pheromones receptors finally arising in the adult. Department of biochemistry, kebbi state university of science and technology, aliero, p. An zonocerus variegatus in uska species han orthoptera nga syahan ginhulagway ni linnaeus hadton 1758. Zonocerus variegatus larva appeared superior to the one of stage 7. Spacegroup determination, data scaling and merging were performed by the. Isolated malpighian tubules of zonocerus variegatus excreted cardiac glycosides more efficiently than isolated tubule preparations from locusta migratoria. The cassava plant is a woody plant with erect stems and spirally arranged simple lobed leaves with petioles leaf stems up to 30 cm in length.
Observations on aggregation, migration, and feeding habits. Abstract weekly captures from january 2000 to january 2002 enabled us to study the abundance and life cycle of the variegated grasshopper. Variegated grasshopper, zonocerus variegatus the variegated grasshopper is a widespread pest from west to east africa. Cassava manioc diseases and pests, description, uses. In nigeria, it usually occurs on uncultivated land with the nymphs and adult stage sharing the same habitat which extends from rain forest zone to the guinea savannah in the north. Therefore, we carried out an initial study on the induction and kinetics of gst in z. The variegated grasshopper, zonocerus variegatus moves from one place to another in the field when disturbed and in search food and mates. Both species are significant agricultural pests, especially for african smallholder farmers.
Later instars will eat cassava, especially when deprived of food for some time, but the adults progressively lose weight when restricted to feeding on growing cassava. In nigeria, it usually occurs on uncultivated land with the nymphs and adult stage sharing the same habitat which extends from rain forest zone to. The variegated grasshopper zonocerus variegatus lin. Pdf grasshoppers zonocerus variegatus as a potential. Pdf the attraction of zonocerus variegatus orthoptera. Cassava may be planted alone or in combination with other crops such as maize, plantain, vegetables or legumes. You can modify these specifications at any time by clicking the change items displayed button in the header. Edible insects offer a significant opportunity to merge traditional knowledge and modern science to improve human food security worldwide. Pdf abundance and life cycle of zonocerus variegatus orthoptera. Plant pathology division, nigerian institute for oil palm research nifor, p. In mexico, for example, it is not uncommon to find tortillas enriched. Espesye sa alasiwsiw nga una nga gihulagway ni linnaeus ni adtong 1758 ang zonocerus variegatus. The roles of food plants on the dispersion activities of.
Pdf zonocerus variegatus is a common grasshopper in parts of west and equtorial africa. The results obtained from sequential samples taken from 40 adult males of taphronota thaelephora and zonocerus variegatus are presented in table 1. Control of the variegated grasshopper zonocerus variegatus. Field infection of zonocerus variegatus following application of an oil. Zonocerus is a genus of grasshoppers caelifera in the family pyrgomorphidae and the tribe phymateini. Glyphaea brevis and azadirachta indica on the survival, development and fecundity of the variegated grasshopper zonocerus variegatus was investigated. The distribution in nigeria extends from the lowland rainforest zone to the savannah in the north.
Zonocerus variegatus, nymphs, gravimetric parameters, morphometric parameters. Gender variations in nutritive value of adult variegated. Development took 12 months longer in small cages than in a large cage, probably because the nymphs normally require a fairly large area for activity in nature. Blanford, unpublished data demonstrated the impact of behavioural fever on the. Cassava genotype evaluation for grasshopper zonocerus variegatus l. Phylogenetic study of xanthomonas axonopodis pv manihotis isolated from the western part of nigeria as revealed by random amplified polymorphic dna rapd markers. Host the variegated grasshopper is a pest of many crops in the seedling stage, especially cassava and finger millet. Descriptions and morphometrics of the nymphs of zonocerus. Coleoptera in the 10th edition of systema naturae wikipedia. Crystal structure of pyrrolizidine alkaloid n oxygenase from. Zonocerus variegatus is the main grasshopper pest of crops, notably cassava, in the humid lowland forests and savannas of west and central africa. This study examines the gender differences in the nutritive value of adult variegated grasshopper, zonocerus variegatus. Occurrence and distribution of microflora in the gut.
Field and laboratory studies at ibadan, nigeria, showed that the young nymphs of zonocerus variegatus l. A preliminary feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the nutritive value of adult variegated grasshopper zonocerus variegatus meal vgm as a replacement for fish meal in the diets of clarias gariepinus fingerlings. The variegated grasshopper zonocerus variegatus, like other insects, harbors microorganisms in its alimentary. Most insects reared in the laboratory passed through six nymphal instars, although more had only five nymphal instars when reared in crowded conditions. The study assesses farmers perception on the importance of z. Secondary metabolites of the cuticular abdominal glands of. The medicinal and nutritional value of insects has contributed to the increase in entomophargy. Zonocerus variegatus linnaeus variegated grasshopper gryllusbimaculatusde geer field crickets acheta domesticus house crickets. Glutathione stransferases gsts have been recognized as important metabolic detoxifying enzymes in many phytophagous insects. It is also a pest and vector of disease in rice in different countries. Pyrgomorphidae nymphs to feeding at different periods of the day oyebamiji oyewole oyegoke, akinola john akintola and samuel adelani babarinde department of pure and applied biology, ladoke akintola university of technology, p. The role of the grasshopper zonocerus variegatus as vector. Digestive activities in the gut of the variegated grasshopper zonocerus variegatus l activites osidasiques du tube digestif du criquet puant, zonocerus variegatus l. Bands may merge leading to greater crowding band behaviour affected by vegetation cover and uniformity.
A higher rate of excretion of ouabain by isolated tubules was induced in adult zonocerus given this toxin in their diet. Analysis using anova reveals significant differences in percentage incidence of grasshopper with respect to cassava. Effects of moringa oleifera leaf extract on morphological. Nymphal period and adulthood cover approximately 7 months. The grasshopper zonocerus variegatus has been consumed for centuries in africa, asia and some other parts of the world. The effect of the dry and wet seasons on chiasma frequency. Understanding the efficacy of moringa oleifera leaf extract on controlling z. The variegated grasshopper, zonocerus variegatus l. This is your first entry to the taxa hierarchy display.
Cassava genotype evaluation for grasshopper zonocerus. Cassava, manihot esculenta, is a perennial shrub in the family euphorbiaceae grown primarily for its storage roots which are eaten as a vegetable. Ang zonocerus variegatus sakop sa kahenera nga zonocerus sa kabanay nga pyrgomorphidae. The variegated grasshopperzonocerus variegatusare gregarious and always move in groups in search of linnaeus, 1758, is a polyphagous insect pest of food food while stages 46 larvae and adults are solitaries 6. Grasshoppers zonocerus variegatus as a potential global alternativesource of protein. The role of herbivore insects as potential vectors of the disease has never been studied in detail.
The grasshopper zonocerus variegatus is a seasonal pest kekeunou et al. This necessitates further studies aimed at reconciling. Insects with hardened wing covers beetles, earwigs and orthopteroid insects were brought together under the name coleoptera. I sani, m haruna, a abdulhamid, aa warra, f bello, and im fakai. The cultivation of cassava does not require much labour, typically 75 to 125 mandays per hectare, from the preparation of the land to harvesting. Population of zonocerus variegatus using beauveria bassiana and metarlizium sp. Other affected crops include cocoa, castor, cashew, coffee, cotton and sweet potato. The effect of diets on the tissues femoral and thoracic muscles responsible for dispersion in z. Pyrgomorphidae susceptibility in southern sierra leone. Pdf microbial control of caged population of zonocerus.
This page was last edited on 6 december 2018, at 10. Orthoptera pyrgomorphidae is a short horned grasshopper with an aposematic colouration and found predominantly in south nigeria. Fungal ecology, entomopathogenic fungi, zonocerus variegatus infection incidence. The chromosomes 2n19 were found to be acrocentric as in. Introduction zonocerus variegatus l is a voracious and destructive insect, native to the humid forest zone of west africa modder, 1984. In parts of west africa, hatching is maximal at the start of the dry season late september early november, with outbreaks in november april. Pdf field infection of zonocerus variegatus following. Zonocerus variegatus raw, ogun state, nigeria insect stage gram protein100 g fresh weight instar. The first reports on damages of this grasshopper on crops were in 1910 by peacock and lamborns in southern nigeria, schoutedem and mayne in zaire and small in uganda in 2. Therefore, the main objective of the study was to elucidate the role of the variegated grasshopper, zonocerus variegatus, an important pest of cassava, in the. Given the increasing trade in edible insects and their products in uganda.
Factors affecting the mortality of the grasshopper, zonocerus variegatus, in southern nigeria. Pyrgomorphidae is known as an agricultural pest in west and central africa. Abundance and life cycle of zonocerus variegatus orthoptera. Files are available under licenses specified on their description page. It has a superior nutritional content compared to other animal protein but has received little attention globally for various reasons. Zonocerus variegatus is reported in the literature as a pest of many crops in west and central africa. Zonocerus variegatus is a common grasshopper in parts of west and equtorial africa. Induction and activity of glutathione stransferases. Pdf on jan 1, 2006, messi j and others published abundance and life cycle of zonocerus variegatus orthoptera. However, the contribution of gst to insecticide resistance in zonocerus variegatus l. An important factor is solar radiation, which is reduced by the cage screen. The transport of the cardiac glycoside ouabain by the.
All structured data from the file and property namespaces is available under the creative commons cc0 license. In the 10th edition of systema naturae, carl linnaeus classified the arthropods, including insects, arachnids and crustaceans, among his class insecta. A preliminary feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the nutritive value of adult variegated grasshopper zonocerus variegatus meal vgm as a replacement for fish meal in. The larvae and pupae of honeybees, apis mellifera hymenoptera. Pyrgomorphidae, which has a large dry season population in southwestern nigeria is reported eaten in the akoko area of ondo state fasoranti and ajiboye, 1993. The nutritional value of fourteen species of edible. Journal of food and dairy technology assessment of nutritional quality and mineral composition of dried edible zonocerus variegatus grasshopper. However, its importance in the agricultural production system in cameroon has not been investigated. Zonocerus variegatus infected with entomophaga gryllii metarhizium acridum beauveria. From the 1950s, increased agriculture has resulted in forest clearings for cassava, maize and leafy. Farmers perception on the importance of variegated grasshopper. Zonocerus variegatus is reported in the literature as a pest of many. It sequesters toxic chemical from plants and commonly lives in dense group 1 the dry season population.
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